Ultrasonography of Inguinal Hernia
腹股溝小腸氣超聲波
腹股溝小腸氣超聲波是一項非侵入性的檢查。醫生會利用超聲波影像檢查及診斷小腸氣，協助醫生制定治療方案。
$ 1,320
Incisional Hernia 切口小腸氣
1.1 About incisional hernia
Incisional hernia, also known as ventral hernia, is a type of hernia that occurs as a result of inadequate healing of a previous surgical incision in the abdominal wall, leading to a defect through which abdominal organs protrude when pressure is exerted. It is estimated that approximately 30% of abdominal surgeries eventually result in incisional hernia.
1.2 Cause of incisional hernia
Due to its association with poor healing of the surgical incision, any factors that affect the wound healing process can potentially lead to incisional hernia.
Patient Factors
- Diabetes, autoimmune disorders, malnutrition, liver or kidney dysfunction, etc.
Surgical Factors
- Poor surgical technique.
Disease Factors
- Postoperative wound infection, hematoma formation at the incision site, presence of foreign bodies in the wound, increased intra-abdominal pressure, etc.
All of these factors can increase the risk of developing incisional hernia.
1.3 Symptoms of incisional hernia
Patients with incisional hernia may notice a protrusion (hernia) beneath the previous surgical scar on the abdomen. The hernia is particularly noticeable when standing or walking, and it tends to reduce in size when lying down. Incisional hernia can cause discomfort and may lead to various symptoms.
Swelling can cause pain in patients. If the pain persists and becomes severe, it may indicate that the organ (such as the small intestine) within the hernia sac is trapped at the hernia opening, affecting its blood supply and leading to necrosis. This condition is known as a strangulated hernia, and it requires emergency surgery. If you experience any of the aforementioned symptoms, it is important to seek immediate medical attention. If the doctor diagnoses a strangulated hernia, emergency surgery is necessary for the patient.
1.4 Treatment of incisional hernia
Surgical intervention is currently recognized as the only effective treatment for incisional hernia. During surgery, the surgeon will repair the abdominal wall defect and implant a synthetic mesh to prevent recurrence.
Conventional (open ) hernioplasty
- The surgery is performed under general anesthesia.
- The surgeon will make an incision over the previous surgical scar, locate the hernia sac, and remove it. Depending on the situation, the abdominal wall defect may be sutured, and a synthetic mesh is placed to cover the defect and prevent recurrence.
- Due to the longer incision, patients may experience more severe pain and require a longer recovery time.
Minimally invasive laparoscopic hernioplasty
- The surgery is performed under general anesthesia.
- The surgeon will make a small incision of about one centimeter on the patient’s abdomen to access the abdominal cavity and perform the laparoscopic procedure. A laparoscope, a surgical instrument with a high-definition camera, is inserted to transmit images of the surgical area to a monitor, allowing the surgeon to observe the abdominal cavity and perform the procedure accordingly.
- The surgeon will make two 5-millimeter incisions on the abdomen and use specialized instruments inserted through the incisions to perform the surgery. The instruments used in minimally invasive surgery replace the surgeon’s hands, allowing for significantly smaller incisions.
- The surgeon will place a specially designed synthetic mesh just below the abdominal wall defect using the minimally invasive instruments, and then secure the mesh to the inner side of the abdominal wall using surgical staples. The synthetic mesh prevents organs within the abdominal cavity from protruding through the abdominal wall defect.
- Once the bleeding is controlled, the incisions are closed with absorbable sutures, and waterproof dressings are applied to protect the surgical wounds.
- This minimally invasive repair surgery is a newer approach that significantly reduces postoperative pain and effectively prevents hernia recurrence.
- The surgery typically takes around one hour.
- The advantages of this surgical method include smaller incisions, reduced postoperative pain, and shorter recovery time for patients.